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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-1753</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-2170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">567839</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20751753.2023.5.202253</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Nausea and vomiting in the practice of a therapist and gastroenterologist: A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Безопасность и эффективность новой формы домперидона для лечения тошноты и рвоты в практике гастроэнтеролога</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Livzan</surname><given-names>Mariia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ливзан</surname><given-names>Мария Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Acad. RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>чл.-кор. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., ректор, зав. каф. факультетской терапии и гастроэнтерологии</p></bio><email>mlivzan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korpacheva</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корпачева</surname><given-names>Ольга Валентиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доц., проректор по научно-исследовательской работе, зав. каф. патофизиологии</p></bio><email>mlivzan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikbavova</surname><given-names>Galiia R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикбавова</surname><given-names>Галия Равильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. госпитальной терапии, эндокринологии</p></bio><email>mlivzan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6308-4377</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanyuk</surname><given-names>Alisa E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романюк</surname><given-names>Алиса Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка лечебного фак-та</p></bio><email>mlivzan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Omsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Gastroenterology</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Гастроэнтерология</issue-title><fpage>301</fpage><lpage>307</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-29"><day>29</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-07-29"><day>29</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/567839">https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/567839</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Nausea and vomiting are among the most common complaints in outpatient clinics and hospitals, while they are associated with poor quality of life. Their causes are diverse, and pathogenetic mechanisms are multifactorial. In the presented article, the pathophysiology of nausea and vomiting is examined in detail, an algorithm of sequential actions is proposed, which is based on the following stages: finding out what the patient means by nausea and vomiting; determining whether these symptoms are acute or chronic; thorough detailing of complaints; detailed collection of anamnesis; careful physical examination. The indicated sequence of actions of the doctor during the initial treatment of the patient forms the basis for a differential diagnosis and determines further examination. Special attention is paid to the treatment of nausea and vomiting, the place of dopamine receptor blockers in the relief of these painful symptoms is discussed. The search for literature containing information on relevant studies was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar systems according to the words: nausea, vomiting, postoperative vomiting, gastroparesis, dopamine receptor blockers, domperidone.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Тошнота и рвота являются одними из наиболее распространенных жалоб в амбулаториях и стационарах, при этом они ассоциированы с низким качеством жизни. Причины их разнообразны, а патогенетические механизмы многофакторны. В представленной статье подробно освещается патофизиология тошноты и рвоты, предложен алгоритм последовательных действий, который основан на следующих этапах: выяснении, что пациент подразумевает под тошнотой и рвотой; определении того, являются ли эти симптомы острыми или хроническими; тщательной детализации жалоб; подробном сборе анамнеза; внимательном физикальном обследовании. Указанная последовательность действий врача при первичном обращении пациента формирует основу для проведения дифференциального диагноза и определяет дальнейшее обследование. Отдельное внимание уделяется вопросам лечения тошноты и рвоты, обсуждается место блокаторов дофаминовых рецепторов в купировании этих тягостных симптомов. Поиск литературы, содержащей информацию о соответствующих исследованиях, проводился в системах PubMed и Google Scholar по словам «тошнота», «рвота», «послеоперационная рвота», «гастропарез», «блокаторы дофаминовых рецепторов», «домперидон».</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nausea</kwd><kwd>vomiting</kwd><kwd>pathophysiology of vomiting</kwd><kwd>postoperative vomiting</kwd><kwd>dopamine receptor blockers</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тошнота</kwd><kwd>рвота</kwd><kwd>патофизиология рвоты</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная рвота</kwd><kwd>блокаторы дофаминовых рецепторов</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Tellez F, Martinez A, Picazo Mendoza D, et al. Impact of chronic nausea and vomiting syndrome on work productivity and quality of life: a prospective case-control study. 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