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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-1753</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-2170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">642697</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20751753.2025.8.203344</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The relationship between the composition of the gut microbiota and respiratory infection COVID-19: A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Взаимосвязь состава микробиоты кишечника и респираторной инфекции COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5098-2380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>Elizaveta A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>Елизавета Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка VI курса педиатрического фак-та</p></bio><email>danila-sokolov-danila@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7465-6799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>Danila V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>Данила Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент VI курса лечебного фак-та</p></bio><email>danila-sokolov-danila@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2391-6350</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharenkov</surname><given-names>Daniil A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жаренков</surname><given-names>Даниил Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент VI курса лечебного фак-та</p></bio><email>danila-sokolov-danila@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3554-0572</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shushunina</surname><given-names>Ulyana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шушунина</surname><given-names>Ульяна Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка VI курса лечебного фак-та</p></bio><email>danila-sokolov-danila@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9939-3443</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Raevskii</surname><given-names>Kirill P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раевский</surname><given-names>Кирилл Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры терапии фак-та фундаментальной медицины</p></bio><email>danila-sokolov-danila@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>8</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Outpatient issues</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Поликлинические вопросы</issue-title><fpage>477</fpage><lpage>482</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-08"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-15"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/642697">https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/642697</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents a review of modern foreign and Russian literature, summarizing the data of the influence of intestinal microbiota on COVID-19 course and the components and quantities of microbiota changing due to coronavirus infection. The results of many studies indicate the immune response against new coronavirus infection modulation, including stimulation of the synthesis of cytokines, immunoglobulins, regulation of the expression of viral target receptors and maintaining the tone of the immune system. This principle determines the severity of the disease depending on the state of the microbiota. On the other hand, in addition to respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal disorders are observed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, which indicates the tropism of the virus to intestinal cells and the effect on the microbiota. The described two-way relationship is called ”gut-lung axis” and opens up opportunities for stimulating the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and improving the prognosis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлен обзор современной зарубежной и отечественной литературы, обобщающий известные данные о влиянии микробиоты кишечника (МК) на течение COVID-19, а также качественном и количественном изменении состава МК под воздействием новой коронавирусной инфекции. Результаты многих исследований говорят о модулировании микроорганизмами кишечника иммунного ответа при новой коронавирусной инфекции, в том числе посредством стимуляции синтеза цитокинов, иммуноглобулинов, регуляции экспрессии рецепторов-мишеней вируса и поддержания тонуса иммунной системы. С одной стороны, такая закономерность находит отражение в различии тяжести течения заболевания в зависимости от состояния МК. С другой стороны, помимо респираторной симптоматики при инфекции SARS-CoV-2 присутствуют расстройства желудочно-кишечного тракта, что свидетельствует о тропности вируса к клеткам кишечника и влиянии на МК. Описанная двусторонняя связь получила название «ось ”кишечник – легкие”» и открывает перспективы для стимуляции иммунного ответа против SARS-CoV-2 и улучшения прогноза.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>intestine</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>gastrointestinal tract</kwd><kwd>gastrointestinal signs of coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>probiotics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>кишечник</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>желудочно-кишечный тракт</kwd><kwd>гастроэнтерологические проявления коронавирусной инфекции</kwd><kwd>пробиотики</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Кожевников А.А., Раскина К.В., Мартынова Е.Ю., и др. Кишечная микробиота: современные представления о видовом составе, функциях и методах исследования. 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