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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-1753</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-2170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">701759</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20751753.2026.8.203790</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Onset of hyperglycemia in the context of COVID-19: Identification of risk groups and clinical features of the course</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Дебют гипергликемии на фоне COVID-19: идентификация групп риска и клинические особенности течения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0668-1073</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57199997263</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1832-6773</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhurtova</surname><given-names>Inessa B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журтова</surname><given-names>Инесса Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доц., проф. каф. факультетской терапии Медицинской академии </p></bio><email>liaramisova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8105-4235</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8233-5939</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aramisova</surname><given-names>Liana S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арамисова</surname><given-names>Лиана Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач-эндокринолог эндокринологического отд-ния Лечебно-реабилитационного комплекса клиники </p></bio><email>liaramisova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Berbekov Kabardino-Balkarian State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет им. Х.М. Бербекова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-09-09"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>8</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Outpatient issues</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Поликлинические вопросы</issue-title><fpage>657</fpage><lpage>661</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-24"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-15"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received:<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-24"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="accepted"><event-desc>Accepted:<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-15"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="pub"><event-desc>Published:<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-09-09"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/701759">https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/701759</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>The presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant predictor of severe COVID-19. Of particular scientific and clinical interest is a cohort of patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders first identified during hospitalization for the coronavirus disease 2019, which continues to generate interest.</p> <p><bold>Aim. </bold>To analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with newly diagnosed diabetes during hospitalization for COVID-19 in comparison with patients without previously diagnosed type 2 DM and to evaluate the prognosis for the outcome of the disease.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>A retrospective analysis of 645 medical records of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection hospitalized at two reference centers in 2020–2021 was conducted. Three study groups were formed: a group without DM (n=330); a group with previously diagnosed type 2 DM (n=252); a group with newly diagnosed diabetes during hospitalization for COVID-19 (n=63). More than 120 parameters were analyzed, including demographic, clinical, laboratory, and instrumental ones. Statistical analysis was performed using Stattech (v.4.0) and IBM SPSS Statistics (v.27.0) software.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>The overall mortality rate among patients was 31.3% (202/645). Mortality in the group with newly diagnosed diabetes was 38.1% of cases and did not differ significantly from other groups (<italic>p</italic>=0.447). However, dynamics by year of hospitalization were revealed: mortality in 2020 was 62.5%, decreasing to 12.9% in 2021 (<italic>p</italic>&lt;0.001). For this group, mortality was not affected by gender (<italic>p</italic>=0.325), blood glucose level on admission (<italic>p</italic>=0.058), and lung lesion volume according to computed tomography (CT) data (<italic>p</italic>=0.361). The key prognostic factors for an unfavorable outcome were earlier hospitalization due to the severity of the infectious process (6th day from the onset of symptoms in deceased vs 8th day in survivors; <italic>p</italic>=0.011) and indicators of respiratory failure.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>Patients with newly diagnosed diabetes due to COVID-19 represent a heterogeneous group with unique prognostic characteristics that differ from those of patients with previously diagnosed type 2 DM. Management of this group requires a specialized protocol with an emphasis on early respiratory monitoring and mandatory follow-up endocrinological monitoring to verify the type of DM.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Наличие сахарного диабета (СД) является значимым предиктором тяжелого течения COVID-19. Особый научный и клинический интерес представляет когорта пациентов с нарушениями углеводного обмена, впервые выявленными во время госпитализации по поводу новой коронавирусной инфекции, к которой по-прежнему сохраняется интерес.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Проанализировать клинико-лабораторные характеристики пациентов с впервые выявленным СД в период госпитализации по поводу COVID-19 в сравнении с пациентами без ранее установленного СД 2-го типа (СД 2) и оценить прогноз по исходу заболевания.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Проведен ретроспективный анализ 645 историй болезни пациентов с подтвержденной инфекцией SARS-CoV-2, госпитализированных в два референс-центра в 2020–2021 гг. Сформированы 3 группы исследования: группа без СД (n=330); группа с ранее установленным СД 2 (n=252); группа с СД, впервые выявленным в текущую госпитализацию (n=63). Проанализировано более 120 параметров, включая демографические, клинические, лабораторные и инструментальные. Статистический анализ выполнен с использованием программ Stattech (v.4.0) и IBM SPSS Statistics (v.27.0).</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Общая летальность среди пациентов составила 31,3% (202/645). Летальность в группе с впервые выявленным СД – 38,1% случаев, что значимо не отличалось от других групп (<italic>p</italic>=0,447). Однако выявлена динамика по годам госпитализации: летальность в 2020 г. составила 62,5%, снизившись до 12,9% в 2021 г. (<italic>p</italic>&lt;0,001). Для данной группы характерно отсутствие влияния на летальность пола (<italic>p</italic>=0,325), уровня гликемии при поступлении (<italic>p</italic>=0,058) и объема поражения легких по данным компьютерной томографии (<italic>p</italic>=0,361). Ключевыми прогностическими факторами неблагоприятного исхода стали более ранняя госпитализация, обусловленная тяжестью инфекционного процесса (6-й день от дебюта симптомов у умерших vs 8-й день у выживших; <italic>p</italic>=0,011), и показатели респираторной недостаточности.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Пациенты с впервые выявленным СД на фоне COVID-19 представляют собой гетерогенную группу с уникальными прогностическими характеристиками, отличающимися от таковых у пациентов с ранее установленным СД 2. Ведение данной категории требует специализированного протокола с акцентом на ранний респираторный мониторинг и обязательное последующее эндокринологическое наблюдение для верификации типа диабета.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hyperglycemia</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипергликемия</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Floyd JS, Walker RL, Kuntz JL, et al. Association between diabetes severity and risks of COVID-19 infection and outcomes. J Gen Intern Med. 2023;38(6):1484-92.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Kastora S, Patel M, Carter B, et al. 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