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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-1753</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-2170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">706231</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20751753.2026.5.203651</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Restoration of microbiota balance using spore-forming probiotic microorganisms: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Восстановление баланса микробиоты при помощи спорообразующих пробиотических микроорганизмов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8150-307X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ardatskaya</surname><given-names>Maria D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ардатская</surname><given-names>Мария Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф. </p></bio><email>ma@uni-med.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0404-658X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Garushyan</surname><given-names>Grigory V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарушьян</surname><given-names>Григорий Валерьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p>
<p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач-гастроэнтеролог </p>
<p> </p></bio><email>ma@uni-med.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Central State Medical Academy of the President of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» ФМБА России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Gastroenterology</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Гастроэнтерология</issue-title><fpage>311</fpage><lpage>316</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-15"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-20"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/706231">https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/706231</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Intestinal dysbiosis is a common condition associated with a wide range of diseases. Choosing the optimal probiotic therapy remains challenging due to the variety of available strains. Spore-forming probiotics, particularly <italic>Bacillus clausii</italic>, exhibit high resistance to aggressive gastrointestinal factors and can rapidly restore the gut microbiota. Aim – to summarize current data on the mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy of <italic>B. clausii</italic> in correcting dysbiotic disorders. A review of recent literature was performed, including systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, real-world studies (PEGASO), and preclinical studies focusing on <italic>B. clausii. B. clausii</italic> exerts antagonistic, immunomodulatory, and metabolic effects, and restores intestinal barrier function. According to a systematic review (C. Acosta-Rodríguez-Bueno et al., 2022), a 7-day course of <italic>B. clausii</italic> significantly reduces the duration of acute diarrhea by 1–2 days and decreases the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea by 47–60%. In a prospective study (H. Dang et al., 2024) in children with persistent diarrhea, symptom resolution was achieved in 87.5% of patients by day 7, along with a decrease in fecal calprotectin and an increase in secretory IgA levels. In real-world practice (PEGASO study, С. Giua et al., 2024), 89% of patients rated the efficacy as “good” or “excellent,” adherence to the 7-day course was 94%, and the incidence of adverse events was 2.1%. An experimental study (M. Salem et al., 2025) revealed suppression of the TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome cascade and restoration of the gut microbiota following <italic>B. clausii</italic> treatment in a colitis model. <italic>B. clausii</italic> is a universal means of primary correction of dysbiosis, capable of restoring the gut microbiota and resolving diarrhea within 7 days. Owing to its transient persistence, after the course the residual disturbances can be objectively assessed, allowing for personalized therapy with other probiotics (lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, <italic>Saccharomyces boulardii</italic>, etc.) depending on the remaining alterations of the gut microbiota.</p> <p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Дисбиоз кишечника является распространенным состоянием, ассоциированным с широким спектром заболеваний. Выбор оптимальной пробиотической терапии остается сложной задачей ввиду разнообразия доступных штаммов. Спорообразующие пробиотики, в частности <italic>Bacillus clausii</italic>, обладают высокой устойчивостью к агрессивным факторам желудочно-кишечного тракта и способностью быстро восстанавливать кишечный микробиоценоз. Цель – обобщить данные о механизмах действия и клинической эффективности <italic>B. clausii</italic> для коррекции дисбиотических нарушений. Проведен анализ литературы за последние годы, включая систематические обзоры, рандомизированные контролируемые исследования, исследования реальной клинической практики (PEGASO) и доклинические работы, посвященные <italic>B. clausii.</italic> Установлено, что <italic>B. clausii</italic> оказывает антагонистическое, иммуномодулирующее и метаболическое действие, восстанавливает барьерную функцию кишечника. Согласно данным систематического обзора (C. Acosta-Rodríguez-Bueno и соавт., 2022 г.) 7-дневный курс <italic>B. clausii</italic> достоверно сокращает длительность острой диареи на 1–2 дня, снижает риск антибиотикоассоциированной диареи на 47–60%. В проспективном исследовании (H. Dang и соавт., 2024 г.) у детей с персистирующей диареей купирование симптомов достигнуто у 87,5% к 7-му дню, отмечены снижение фекального кальпротектина и повышение уровня секреторного иммуноглобулина A. В реальной клинической практике (PEGASO, C. Giua и соавт., 2024 г.) 89% пациентов оценили эффективность как «хорошо» или «отлично», приверженность 7-дневному курсу составила 94%, а частота нежелательных явлений – 2,1%. Экспериментальное исследование (M. Salem и соавт., 2025) выявило подавление TXNIP/NLRP3 инфламмасомного каскада и восстановление микробиоты при применении <italic>B. clausii</italic> на модели колита. <italic>B. clausii</italic> является универсальным средством первичной коррекции дисбиоза, позволяющим в течение 7 дней восстановить микробиоценоз и купировать диарейный синдром. Благодаря транзиторному характеру указанного пробиотика, после завершения курса возможны объективная оценка остаточных нарушений и проведение персонализированной терапии с использованием других пробиотических препаратов (лакто-, бифидобактерий, <italic>Saccharomyces boulardii</italic> и иных) в зависимости от сохраняющихся изменений микробиоты.</p> <p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bacillus clausii</kwd><kwd>dysbiosis</kwd><kwd>probiotics</kwd><kwd>diarrhea</kwd><kwd>gut microbiota</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Bacillus clausii</kwd><kwd>дисбиоз</kwd><kwd>пробиотики</kwd><kwd>диарея</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Hou K, Wu ZX, Chen XY, et al. Microbiota in health and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022;7(1):135. 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