<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-1753</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-2170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">92326</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Lechenie bol'nykh s giperaktivnym mochevym puzyrem: vzglyad na trospiya khlorid s tochki zreniya novykh preparatov</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лечение больных с гиперактивным мочевым пузырем: взгляд на троспия хлорид с точки зрения новых препаратов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkol'nikov</surname><given-names>M. E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Школьников</surname><given-names>М. Е</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра урологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГОУ ВПО РГМУ Росздрава, Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2007-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2007</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 9, NO4 (2007)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 9, №4 (2007)</issue-title><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-12-28"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2007, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2007, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2007</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/92326">https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/92326</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Принято считать, что в основе ГМП лежит нарушение регуляции сократительной активности гладких миоцитов мочевого пузыря, которое проявляется детрузорной гиперактивностью в виде непроизвольных сокращений детрузора. Предполагают, что ведущим механизмом детрузорной гиперактивности является активация мускариновых М3-рецепторов, расположенных на гладких миоцитах детрузора. Однако в последние годы появились данные о том, что в патогенезе ГМП играют роль не только М3-рецепторы детрузора, но также и другие типы мускариновых рецепторов, расположенных не только в детрузоре и на клетках уротелия, и в субуротелиальном пространстве. Основным методом лечения больных с ГМП являются антимускариновые препараты. Несмотря на отсутствие данных о точном месте приложения действия этих препаратов, они успешно применяются уже в течение нескольких десятилетий.Подтверждением эффективности троспия хлорида при лечении больных с ГМП служит его длительное, более 20 лет, применение в Европе и одобрение FDA для применения в США в последние годы. Троспия хлорид обладает очевидными преимуществами: наибольшее среди всех антимускариновых препаратов сродство к М2/М3-рецепторам, отсутствие метаболизма в печени и конкуренции с другими лекарственными средствами, слабое приникновение через гематоэнцефалический барьер и невысокая частота побочных эффектов на центральную нервную систему, высокая концентрация в моче, позволяющая модулировать активность холинергических механизмов уротелия и субуротелиальных структур. Эффективность новых М3-селективных антимускариновых препаратов сопоставима с таковой троспия хлорида. Предполагаемый лучший профиль побочных эффектов новых М3-селективных антимускариновых препаратов, связанный с отсутствием влияния на другие мускариновые рецепторы, еще предстоит подтвердить.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M et al. The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardization Sub - committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn 2002; 21: 167–78.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Irwin D.E, Milsom I, Hunskaar S et al. Population - Based Survey of Urinary Incontinence, Overactive Bladder, and Other Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Five Countries: Results of the EPIC Study. Eur Urol 2006; 50: 1306–15.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>De Groat W.C. A neurologic basis for the overactive bladder. Urology 1997; 50 (Suppl): 36–52.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Mansfield K.J, Liu L, Mitchelson F.J et al. Muscarinic receptor subtypes in human bladder detrusor and mucosa, studied by radioligand binding and quantitative competitive RT–PCR: changes in ageing. Br J Pharm 2005; 144: 1089–99.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Schneider T, Fetscher C, Krege S, Michel M.C. Signal transduction underlying carbachol - induced contraction of human urinary bladder. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004; 309: 1148–53.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Chess-Williams R. Muscarinic receptors of the urinary bladder: detrusor, urothelial and prejunctional. Auton Autacoid Pharmacol 2002; 22: 133–45.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Yamanishi T, Chapple C.R, Yasuda K, Chess-Williams R. The role of M2-muscarinic receptors in mediating contraction of the pig urinary bladder in vitro. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 131: 1482–8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Braverman A.S, Luthin G.R, Ruggieri M.R. M2 muscarinic receptor contributes to contraction of the denervated rat urinary bladder. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 1998; 275: R1654–60.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Pontari M.A, Braverman A.S, Ruggieri M.R. The M2 muscarinic receptor mediates in vitro bladder contractions from patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2004; 286: R874–80.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Stevens L.A, Sellers D.J, Chapple C.R, Chess-Williams R. A comparison of muscarinic receptor function in the normal and neurogenic overactive bladder. J Urol 2004; 171 (Suppl. 4): 535.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Braverman A.S, Tallarida R.J, Ruggieri M.R. Interaction between muscarinic receptor subtype signal transduction pathways mediating bladder contraction. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2002; 283: R663–8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Ruggieri M.R Sr, Braverman A.S. Regulation of bladder muscarinic receptor subtypes by experimental pathologies. Auton Autacoid Pharmacol 2006; 26 (3): 311–25.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Yoshimura N, Chancellor M.B. Current and future pharmacologic treatment for overactive bladder. J Urol 2002; 168: 1897–913.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>De Groat W.C. The urothelium in overactive bladder: passive bystander or active participant? Urology 2004; 64 (Suppl. 1): 7–11.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Hawthorn M.H, Chapple C.R, Cock M, Chess-Williams R. Urothelium - derived inhibitory factor(s) influences on detrusor muscle contractility in vitro. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 129: 416–9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Ehlert F.J, Griffin M.T, Abe D.M et al. The M2 muscarinic receptor mediates contraction through indirect mechanisms in mouse urinary bladder. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005; 313: 368–78.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Igawa Y, Zhang X, Nishizawa O et al. Cystometric findings in mice lacking muscarinic M2 or M3receptors. J Urol 2004; 172 (Part 1 of 2): 2460–4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Matsui M, Motomura D, Fujikawa T et al. Mice lacking M2 and M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are devoid of cholinergicsmooth muscle contractions but still viable. J Neurosci 2002; 22: 10627–32.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Ikeda K, Kobayashi S, Suzuki M et al. M3 receptor antagonism by the novel antimuscarinic agent solifenacin in the urinary bladder ands alivary gland. Naunyn - Schmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol 2002; 366: 97–103.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Napier C.M, Gupta P. Darifenacin is selective for the human recombinant M3 receptor subtype. Neurourol Urodyn 2002; 21: A445.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Abrams P, Andersson K.E, Buccafusco J.J et al. Muscarinic receptors: their distribution and function in body systems, and the implications for treating overactive bladder. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 148: 565–78.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Hedge S.S. Muscarinic receptors in the bladder: from basic research to therapeutics. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 147: S80–7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Pietzko A, Dimpfel W, Schwantes U, Topfmeier P. Influences of trospium chloride and oxybutynin on quantitative EEG in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1994; 47: 337–43.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Diefenbach K, Donath F, Maurer A et al. Randomised, double - blind study of the effects of oxybutynin, tolterodine, trospium chloride and placebo on sleep in healthy young volunteers. Clin Drug Invest 2003; 23: 395–404.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Andersson K.E, Chapple C.R. Oxybutynin and the overactive bladder. World J Urol 2006; 19: 319–23.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Singh-Franco D, Machado C, Tuteja S, Zapantis A. Trospium Chloride for the Treatment of Overactive Bladder with Urge Incontinence. Clinical Therapeutics 2005; 27 (5): 511–30.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>De Groat, W.C. A neurologic basis for the overactive bladder. Urology 1997; 50 (Suppl. 6A): 36–52.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Turner W.H, Brading A.F. Smooth muscle of the bladder in the normal and the diseased state: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Pharmacol Ther 1997; 75: 77–110.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Kim Y, Yoshimura N, Masuda H et al. Intravesical instillation of human urine after oral administration of trospium, tolterodine and oxybutynin in a rat model of detrusor overactivity. BJU Int 2005; 97: 400–3.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
