Consilium MedicumConsilium Medicum2075-17532542-2170Consilium Medicum93056Research ArticleK voprosu o farmakoterapii khronicheskoy obstruktivnoy bolezni legkikhTsoyA. N-151120091111697428122021Copyright © 2009, Consilium Medicum2009[GOLD. Global Initiative for chronic obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NHLBI/WHO workshop report. 2008. www.goldcopd.comGuidelineitem.asp?I1=2&intld=2003.][Mannino D.M., Buist A.S. Global burden of COPD: risk factors, prevalence, and future trends. Lancet 2007; 370: 765–73.][Rabe K.F., Hurd S, Anzueto A et al. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 176: 532–55.][Murray C.J., Lopez A.D. Alternative projections of mortality and disability by case 1990–2020: Global burden of disease study. Lancet 1997; 349: 1498–504.][Buist A.S., Mc Burnie M.A., Vollmer W.W. et al. International variation in the prevalence of COPD (the BOLD study): a population - based prevalence study. Lancet 2007; 370: 741–50.][Menezes A.M., Peres-Padilla R, Jardim J.R. et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in five Latin American cities (the PLATINO study): a prevalence study. Lancet 2005; 366: 1875–81.][Mannino D.M., Homa D.M., Akibami L.J. et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease surveillance - United States, 1971–2000. Respir Care 2002; 47: 1184–99.][Hogg J.C., Chu F, Utokarpach S et al. The nature of small - airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 2645–53.][Barnes P.J. Mechanisms in COPD: differences from asthma. Chest 2000; 117 (Suppl.): 10S–14S.][Rossi A, Khirani S, Cazzola M. Long - acting b2 - agonists (LABA) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: efficacy and safety. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2008; 3: 521–9.][Cazzola M, Matera M.G., Donner C.F. Inhaled b2 - adrenoreceptor agonists: cardiovascular safety in patients with obstructive lung disease. Drugs 2005; 65: 1595–610.][Boyd G, Morice A.N., Pounsford J.C. et al. An evalution of salmeterol in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eur Respir J 1997; 10: 815–21.][Bouros D, Kottakis J, Le Gros V et al. Effects of formoterol and salmeterol on resting inspiratory capacity in COPD patients with poor FEV1 reversibility. Curr Med Res Opin 2004; 20: 581–6.][Dougherty J.A., Didur B.L., Aboussouan L.S. Long - acting inhaled beta2 - agonists for stable COPD. Ann Pharmacother 2003; 37: 1247–55.][Cassaburi R, Mahler D.A., Jones P.W. et al. Ljng - term evalution of once - daily inhaled dosing with tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2002; 19: 217–24.][Barnes N.C., Pavord I.D., Parker D et al. on behalf of SCO300005 Study group. Anti - inflammatory effects of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate in chronic obstructive lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 736–43.][Suissa S, Mc Ghan R, Niewoehner D, Make B. Inhaled corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2007; 4: 535–42.][Quassem A, Snow V, Shekelle P et at. Diagnosis and management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a clinical practice guideline from the American college of physicians. Ann Int Med 2007; 147: 633–8.][Salpenter S.R., Buckley N.S., Salpenter E.E. Meta - analysis: anticholinergics, but not b2 - agonists, reduce severe exacerbations and respiratory mortality in COPD. J Gen Intern Med 2006; 21: 1011–9.][Anthonisen N.R., Connrt J.E., Enright P.L. et al. Lung Health Study research group. Hospitalizations and mortality in the lung health study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166: 333–9.][Anzuetto A, Tashkin D, Menjoge S et al. One - year analysis of longitudinal changes in spirometry in patients with COPD receiving tiotropium. Pulm Pharmac Ther 2005; 18: 75–81.][Tashkin D.P., Celli B, Senn S et al. A 4 - year trial of tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 1543–54.][Center for drug evalution and research. Early communication about ongoing safety review of tiotropium. Silver Spring, MD: U.S. Food and drug administration; 2008. www.fda.gov/cder/drug/early_comm/tiotropium.htm][Suissa S, Barnes P.J. Inhaled corticosteroids in COPD: the case against. Eur Respir J 2009; 34: 13–6.][Postma D.S., Calverley P. Inhaled corticosteroids in COPD: a case in favour. Eur Respir J 2009; 34: 10–2.][John M, Boss S, Oltmanns U et al. Effects of inhaled HFA beclometasone on pulmonary function and symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med 2005; 99: 1418–24.][Soriano J.B., Sin D.D., Zhang X et al. A pooled analysis of FEV1 decline in COPD patients randomized to inhaled corticosteroids or placebo. Chest 2007; 131: 682–9.][Sin D.D., Wu L, Anderson J.A. et al. Inhaled corticosteroids and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 2005; 60: 992–7.][Calverley P.M.A., Anderson J.A., Celli B et al. TORCH investigators. Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2007; 356: 775–89.][Ernst P, Gonzales A.V., Brassard P, Suissa S. Inhaled corticosteroids use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the risk of hospitalization for pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Carwe Med 2007; 176: 162–6.][Drummond M.B., Dasenbrook E.C., Pitz M.W. et al. Inhaled corticosteroids in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta - analysis. JAMA 2008; 300: 2407–16.][Wedzicha J.A., Carverley P.M., Seemungal T.A. et al. The prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations by salmetero/fluticasone propionate or tiotropium bromide. Am J Respir Crit Carwe Med 2008; 177: 19–26.][Burge P.S., Carverley P.M., Jones P.W. et al. Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study of fluticasone propionate in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the ISOLDE trial. BMJ 2000; 320: 1297–303.][Vestbo J, Sorenson T, Lange P et al. Long - term effect of inhaled budesonide in mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 1999; 353: 1819–23.][Sin D.D., Tashkin D, Zhang X et al. Budesonide and the risk of pneumonia: a meta - analysis of individual patient data. Lancet 2009; 374: 712–9.][Gartlehner G, Hansen R.A., Carson S.S. et al. Efficacy and safety of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with COPD: a systematic review and meta - analysis of helth outcomes. Ann Fam Med 2006; 4: 253–62.][Celli B.R., Thomas N.E., Anderson J.A. et al. Effect of pharmacotherapy on rate of decline of lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from the TORCH study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 178: 332–8.][Jenkins C.R., Jones P.W., Calverley P.M. et al. Efficacy of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate by GOLD stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: analysis from the randomized, placebo - controlled TORCH study. Respir Res 2009; doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10–59.][Cazzola M. Current opinion: Pharmacological approcheas in asthma and COPD. Breathe 2009; 6 (1): 25–35.][Rabe K.F., Timmer W, Sagkriotis A, Viel K. Comparison of a combination of tiotropium plu formoterol to salmeterol plus fluticasone in moderate COPD. Chest 2008; 134: 255–62.][Welte T, Miravitlles M, Peterson S et al. Efficacy and tolerability of budesonide/formoterol in addition to tiotropium in patiemts with COPD: a randomized, controlled, 3-mon]