хроническая обструктивная болезнь легкихмоксифлоксацин1.Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global strategy for diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NHLBI/WHO workshop report. Last updated 2011. www.goldcopd.org.2.Celli B.R., MacNee W; ATS/ERS Task Force. Standards for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD: a summary of the ATS/ERS position paper. Eur Respir J 2004; 23: 932–46.3.Barnes P.J. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a growing but neglected global epidemic. PLoS Med 2007; 4: e112.4.Buist A.S., McBurnie M.A., Vollmer W.M. et al. International variation in the prevalence of COPD (the BOLD Study): a population - based prevalence study. Lancet 2007; 370: 741–50.5.Murray C.J.L., Lopez A.D. Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: global burden of disease study. Lancet 1997; 349: 1269–76.6.Mannino D.M., Homa D.M., Akinbami L.J. et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease surveillance – United States, 1971–2000. MMWR Surveill Summ 2002; 51: 1–16.7.Hurst J.R., Vestbo J, Anzueto A et al. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1128–38.8.Donaldson G.C., Seemungal T.A.R., Bhowmik A, Wedzicha J.A. Relationship between exacerbation frequency and lung function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 2002; 57: 847–52.9.Celli B.R., Barnes P.J. Effect of exacerbation on quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2007; 29: 1224–38.10.Smeeth L, Thomas S.L., Hall A.J. et al. Risk of myocardial infarction and stroke after acute infection or vaccination. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 2611–18.11.Zielinski J, MacNee W, Wedzicha J et al. Causes of death in patients with COPD and chronic respiratory failure. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 1997; 52: 43–7.12.Seneff M.G., Wagner D.P., Wagner R.P. et al. Hospital and 1-year survival of patients admitted to intensive care units with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA 1995; 274: 1852–7.13.Groenewegen K.H., Schols A.M., Wouters E.F. Mortality and mortality - related factors after hospitalization for acute exacerbation of COPD. Chest 2003; 124: 459–67.14.Papi A, Bellettato C.M., Braccioni F et al. Infections and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severe exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 1114–21.15.Veeramachaneni S.B., Sethi S. Pathogenesis of bacterial exacerbations of COPD. COPD 2006; 3: 109–15.16.Rosell A, Monso E, Soler N et al. Microbiologic determinants of exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165: 891–7.17.Sethi S, Sethi R, Eschberger K et al. Airway bacterial concentrations and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 176: 356–61.18.Sethi S, Evans N, Grant B.J.B., Murphy T.F. New strains of bacteria and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 465–71.19.Murphy T.F., Brauer A.L., Grant B.J., Sethi S. Moraxella catarrhalis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: burden of disease and immune response. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 172: 195–9.20.Sethi S, Murphy T.F. Infection in the pathogenesis and course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 2355–65.21.Anzueto A. The pathogenesis of acute infection in COPD. Breathe 2009; 5: 311–5.22.Hirschmann J.V. Do bacteria cause exacerbations of COPD? Chest 2000; 118: 193–203.23.Puhan M.A., Vollenweider D, Latshang T et al. Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: when are antibiotics indicated? A systematic review. Respir Res 2007; 8: 30.24.Wilson R, Jones P, Schaberg T et al. Antibiotic treatment and factors influencing short and long term outcomes of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Thorax 2006; 61: 337–42.25.Woodhead M, Blasi F, Ewig S et al; European Respiratory Society; European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections. Eur Respir J 2005; 26: 1138–80.26.Sethi S, Murphy T.F. Infection in the pathogenesis and course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 2355–65.27.O’Donnell J.A., Gelone S.P. The newer fluoroquinolones. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2004; 18: 691–716.28.Blasi F, Tarsia P, Aliberti S et al. Highlights on the appropriate use of fluoroquinolones in respiratory tract infections. Pulm Pharmacol Therap 2006; 19: 11–9.29.Greenberg R.N. Overview of patient compliance with medication dosing: a literature review. Clin Ther 1994; 6: 592–9.30.Козлов Р.С., Кречикова О.И., Сивая О.В. и др. Антимикробная резистентность Streptococcus pneumoniae в России: результаты проспективного многоцентрового исследования (фаза А проекта ПеГАС–I). Клин. микробиол. и антимикроб. химиотер. 2002; 4 (3): 267–77.31.Козлов Р.С., Сивая О.В., Шпынев К.В. и др. Антибиотикорезистентность Streptococcus pneumoniae в России в 1999–2005 гг: результаты многоцентровых проспективных исследований ПеГАС–I и ПеГАС–II. Клин. микробиол. и антимикроб. химиотер. 2006; 8 (1): 33–47.32.Козлов Р.С., Сивая О.В., Кречикова О.И., Иванчик Н.В., группа исследователей проекта «ПеГАС». Динамика резистентности Streptococcus pneumoniae к антибиотикам в России за период 1999–2009 гг. Клин. микробиол. и антимикроб. химиотер. 2010; 12 (4): 329–41.33.Urueta-Robledo J, Ariza H, Jardim JR et al. Moxifloxacin versus levofloxacin against acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: The Latin American Cohort Respir Med 2006; 100: 1504–11.34.Wilson R et al. Short - term and long - term outcomes of moxifloxacin compared to standard antibiotic treatment in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Chest 2004; 125: 953–64.35.Wilson R, Anzueto A, Miravitlles M et al. Moxifloxacin vs amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in outpatient AECOPD: MAESTRAL results. Eur Respir J 2012; 40: 17–27.36.Wilson R, Schentag J.J., Ball P, 068 Study Group. A comparison of gemifloxacin and clarithromycin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and long - term clinical outcomes. Clin Ther 2002; 24: 639–52.37.O\'Donnell D.E., Hernandez P, Kaplan A et al. Canadian Thoracic Society recommendations for management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – 2008 update – highlights for primary care. Can Respir J 2008; 15 (Suppl. A): 1A–8A.38.White A.J., Gompertz S, Bayley D.L. et al. Resolution of bronchial inflammation is related to bacterial eradication following treatment of exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Thorax 2003; 58: 680–5.39.Chodosh S. Clinical significance of the infection - free interval in the management of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Chest 2005; 127: 2231–6.40.Chuchalin A, Zakharova M, Dokic D et al. Efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: a prospective, multicenter, observational study (AVANTI). BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013; 13: 5.41.Gump D.W., Phillips C.A., Forsyth B.R. et al. Role of infection in chronic bronchitis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1976; 113: 465–74.42.Fagon J.Y., Chastre J, Trouillet J.L. et al. Characterization of distal bronchial microflora during acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: use of the protected specimen brush technique in 54 mechanically ventilated patients. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 142: 1004–08.43.Monso E, Ruiz J, Rosell A et al. Bacterial infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a study of stable and exacerbated outpatients using the protected specimen brush. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152: 1316–20.44.Soler N, Ewig S, Agusti C et al. Bronchial colonization and inflammatory response in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eur Respir J 1998; 12 (Suppl. 28): 230s.45.Monso E, Rosell A, Bonet G et al. Risk factors for lower airway bacterial colonization in chronic bronchitis. Eur Respir J 1999; 13: 338–42.46.Matkovic Z, Miravitlles M. Chronic bronchial infection in COPD. Is there an infective phenotype? Respir Med 2013; 107: 10–22.47.Wilson R. Bacterial infection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 1999; 13: 233–35.48.Beasley V, Joshi P.V., Singanayagam A et al. Lung microbiology and exacerbations in COPD. Int J COPD 2012; 7: 555–69.49.Wilson R, Dowling R.B., Jackson A.D. The biology of bacterial colonization and invasion of the respiratory mucosa. Eur Respir J 1996; 9: 1523–30.50.Murphy T, Sethi S. Bacterial infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146: 1067–83.51.Sethi A, Maloney J, Grove L et al. Airway inflammation and bronchial bacterial colonization in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care 2006; 173: 991–8.52.Marin A, Garcia-Aymerich J, Sauleda J et al; PAC-COPD Study Group. Effect of bronchial colonisation on airway and systemic inflammation in stable COPD. COPD 2012; 9: 121–30.53.Patel I.S., Seemungal T.A., Wilks M et al. Relationship between bacterial colonisation and the frequency, character, and severity of COPD exacerbations. Thorax 2002; 57: 759–64.54.Banerjee D, Khair O.A., Honeybourne D. Impact of sputum bacteria on airway inflammation and health status in clinical stable COPD. Eur Respir J 2004; 23: 685–91.55.Willemse B.W.M., ten Hacken N.H.T., Rutgers B et al. Effect of 1-year smoking cessation on airway inflammation in COPD and asymptomatic smokers. Eur Respir J 2005; 26: 835–45.56.Rutgers S.R., Postma D.S., ten Hacken N.H.T. et al. Ongoing airway inflammation in patients with COPD who do not currently smoke. Thorax 2000; 55: 12–8.57.Tumkayaa M, Atisa S, Ozgea C et al. Relationship between airway colonization, inflammation and exacerbation frequency in COPD. Respir Med 2007; 101: 729–37.58.Black P, Staykova T, Chacko E et al. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy for chronic bronchitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003; 1: CD004105.59.Miravitlles M, Marín A, Monsó E et al. Efficacy of moxifloxacin in the treatment of bronchial colonisation in COPD. Eur Respir J 2009; 34: 1066–71.60.Sethi S, Jones P.W., Theron M.S. et al. Pulsed moxifloxacin for the prevention of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial. Respir Res 2010; 11: 10.