<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-1753</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-2170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">94212</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical bedside evaluation of dizzy patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническое обследование пациента с головокружением</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Palchun</surname><given-names>V. T</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пальчун</surname><given-names>Владимир Тимофеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. оториноларингологии лечебного фак-та ГБОУ ВПО РНИМУ им. Н.И.Пирогова</p></bio><email>orrsmu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseva</surname><given-names>A. L</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусева</surname><given-names>Александра Леонидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. оториноларингологии лечебного фак-та ГБОУ ВПО РНИМУ им. Н.И.Пирогова</p></bio><email>alexandra.guseva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Levina</surname><given-names>Yu. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левина</surname><given-names>Юлия Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. оториноларингологии лечебного фак-та ГБОУ ВПО РНИМУ им. Н.И.Пирогова</p></bio><email>jlevina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ВПО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И.Пирогова Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 17, NO2 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 17, №2 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-12-28"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/94212">https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/94212</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Primary clinical examination of the patient with dizziness conducted in a short time does not require special equipment and can quickly reveal the supposed cause of vestibular disorders, which is necessary to determine the subsequent examination and treatment algorithm. The article presents a sample of the methods used in otoneurologist practice, which, according to the authors, are sufficient for initial diagnosis, and being the simplest in execution, do not require time-consuming and complex equipment, in other words, are available for any specialty physician during the examination of the patient with dizziness in the conditions of outpatient visits. The detailed review of the methodology and evaluation of such tests as the study of spontaneous nystagmus when looking straight and abduction sight, saccades, smooth pursuit, optokinetic test of the head rotation, dynamic visual acuity, head shaking test, the positional tests for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Romberg test, Unterberger test, demonstrative tests and others.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Первичное клиническое обследование пациента с головокружением проводится в короткие сроки, не требует специального оборудования и позволяет быстро и с большой вероятностью выявить предположительную причину вестибулярных нарушений, что необходимо для определения последующего алгоритма обследования и лечения. В статье представлены пробы из арсенала отоневролога, которые, по мнению авторов, достаточны для первичной диагностики, наиболее просты в исполнении, не требуют больших временных затрат и сложного оборудования, иначе говоря, доступны врачу любой специальности при обследовании пациента с головокружением в условиях амбулаторного приема. Подробно рассматриваются методики проведения и оценка таких тестов, как исследование спонтанного нистагма при взгляде прямо и отведении взора, саккады, плавное слежение, оптокинез, тест поворота головы, динамическая острота зрения, тест встряхивания головы, позиционные тесты на доброкачественное пароксизмальное позиционное головокружение, проба Ромберга, тест Унтербергера, указательные тесты и др.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dizziness</kwd><kwd>oculomotor tests</kwd><kwd>nystagmus</kwd><kwd>static coordination test</kwd><kwd>vestibular dysfunction</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>головокружение</kwd><kwd>глазодвигательные пробы</kwd><kwd>нистагм</kwd><kwd>статокоординаторные пробы</kwd><kwd>вестибулярная дисфункция</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Кунельская Н.Л., Лучихин Л.А., Гусева А.Л. и др. Чувствительность, специфичность и прогностическая значимость статокоординаторных и статокинетических тестов в обследовании пациента с головокружением. Омск. науч. вестн. 2014; 2 (134): 84-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Leigh R.J, Zee D.S. The Neurology of Eye Movements. London: Oxford University Press, 2006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Curthoys I.S. Generation of the quick phase of horizontal vestibular nystagmus. Exp Brain Res 2002; 143 (4): 397-405.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Brandt T, Strupp M. General vestibular testing. Clin Neurophysiol 2005; 116 (2): 406-26.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Herr R.D, Zun L, Mattews J.J. A directed approach to the dizzy patient. Ann Emerg Med 1989; 18: 664-72.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Frenzel H. Practical methods of a systematic study of otorhinolaryngology. Munch Med Wochenschr 1956; 98: 972-5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Bronstein A. Oxford Textbook of Vertigo and Imbalance. Barcelona: Oxford University Press, 2013.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Lemos J, Eggenberger E. Saccadic intrusions: review and update. Curr Opin Neurol 2013; 26 (1): 59-66.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Phillipou A, Rossell S.L, Castle D.J et al. Square wave jerks and anxiety as distinctive biomarkers for anorexia nervosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 55 (12): 8366-70.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Alexander G. Die Ohrenkrankheitenim Kindesalter. In: Schlossmann A (ed) Hand - buch der Kinderheilkunde. Leipzig: Verlag von F.C.W.Vogel, 1912.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Strupp M, Hufner K, Sandmann R et al. Central oculomotor disturbances and nystagmus: a window into the brainstem and cerebellum. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2011; 108: 197-204.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Marti S, Straumann D, Glasauer S. The origin of downbeat nystagmus: an asymmetry in the distribution of on - directions of vertical gaze - velocity purkinje cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005; 1039: 548-53.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Brandt T, Dieterich M, Strupp M. Vertigo and dizziness - common complaints. London: Springer, 2013.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Kanegaonkar R, Tysome J. Dizziness and Vertigo: An Introduction and Practical Guide. FL: CRC Press, 2014.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Willard A, Lueck C.J. Ocular motor disorders. Curr Opin Neurol 2014; 27 (1): 75-82.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Versino M, Hurko O, Zee D.S. Disorders of binocular control of eye movements in patients with cerebellar dysfunction. Brain 1996; 119 (Pt 6): 1933-50.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Yee R.D, Purvin V.A. Acquired ocular motor apraxia after aortic surgery. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 2007; 105: 152-8; discussion 158-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Ohtsuka K, Enoki T. Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the posterior cerebellum during smooth pursuit eye movements in man. Brain 1998; 121 (Pt 3): 429-35.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Antoniades C.A, Kennard C. Ocular motor abnormalities in neurodegenerative disorders. Eye (Lond). 2015; 29 (2): 200-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Weber K.P, Aw S.T, Todd M.J et al. Head impulse test in unilateral vestibular loss: vestibulo - ocular reflex and catch - up saccades. Neurology 2008; 70 (6): 454-63.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Walker M.F, Zee D.S. Cerebellar disease alters the axis of the high - acceleration vestibu - loocular reflex. J Neurophysiol 2005; 94 (5): 3417-29.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Longridge N.S, Mallinson A.I. The dynamic illegible E-test. A technique for assessing the vestibule - ocular reflex. Acta Otolaryngol 1987; 103 (3-4): 273-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Vital D, Hegemann S.C, Straumann D et al. A new dynamic visual acuity test to assess peripheral vestibular function. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010; 136 (7): 686-91.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Hain T.C, Fetter M, Zee D.S. Head - shaking nystagmus in patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular lesions. Am J Otolaryngol 1987; 8 (1): 36-47.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Minagar A, Sheremata W.A, Tusa R.J. Perverted head - shaking nystagmus: a possible mechanism. Neurology 2001; 57 (5): 887-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Пальчун В.Т., Кунельская Н.Л., Ротермель Е.В. Диагностика и лечение доброкачественного пароксизмального позиционного головокружения. Вестн. оториноларингологии. 2007; 1: 4-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Мельников О.А., Замерград М.В. Доброкачественное позиционное головокружение. Лечащий врач. 2000; 1: 19-21.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Dix M.R, Hallpike C.S. The pathology, symptomatology and diagnosis of certain common disorders of the vestibular system. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1952; 61 (4): 987-1016.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Pagnini P, Nuti D, Vannucchi P. Benign paroxysmal vertigo of the horizontal canal. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 1989; 51 (3): 161-70.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Mc Clure J.A. Horizontal canal BPV. J Otolaryngol 1985; 14 (1): 30-5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Lempert T, Brandt T, Dieterich M, Huppert D. How to identify psychogenic disorders of stance and gait. A video study in 37 patients. J Neurol 1991; 238 (3): 140-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Пальчун В.Т., Магомедов М.М., Лучихин Л.А. Оториноларингология. М.: ГЭОТАР- Медиа, 2008.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Никифоров А.С., Гусев Е.И. Общая неврология. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2007.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Cohen H.S, Sangi-Haghpeykar H, Ricci N.A et al. Utility of Stepping, Walking, and Head Impulses for Screening Patients for Vestibular Impairments. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014; 151 (1): 131-6.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
