Consilium MedicumConsilium MedicumConsilium MedicumConsilium Medicum2075-17532542-2170Consilium Medicum94322ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleIschemic stroke at a young age and thrombophilia caused by deficiency or abnormality of physiological anticoagulantsИшемический инсульт в молодом возрасте и тромбофилии, обусловленные дефицитом или аномалиями физиологических антикоагулянтовPizovaN. VПизоваНаталья Вячеславовна

д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. нервных болезней с медицинской генетикой и нейрохирургией ГБОУ ВПО ЯГМУ

pizova@yndex.ruYaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationГБОУ ВПО Ярославский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России15092015179VOL 17, NO9 (2015)ТОМ 17, №9 (2015)212628122021Copyright ©; 2015, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2015, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2015Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/94322

Arterial and venous thrombosis, primarily acute ischemic stroke is one of the urgent problems of modern neurology. Clinical and pathological analysis revealed heterogeneity of ischemic strokes. At the young age of causes of stroke was significantly different from the causes of stroke in elderly and senile age. In young adults about 1/3 of affiliation to determine the etiologic stroke is not possible. The article focuses on the violations in the system of blood coagulation due to deficiency or abnormality of physiological anticoagulants. We present the clinical features of genetically determinate thrombophilia caused by a deficiency or abnormality of antithrombin III, heparin cofactor II, protein C, protein S, protein Z, and thrombomodulin. It is shown that the incidence of these conditions in the general population and in patients with arterial and venous thrombosis. We present diagnostic techniques.

Артериальные и венозные тромбозы и в первую очередь острые нарушения мозгового кровообращения являются одной из актуальных проблем современной неврологии. Клинический и патоморфологический анализ показал гетерогенность ишемических инсультов. В молодом возрасте причины развития острых нарушений мозгового кровообращения значимо отличаются от причин инсультов в пожилом и старческом возрасте. У лиц молодого возраста примерно в 1/3 случаев определить этиологическую принадлежность инсульта не представляется возможным. В статье основное внимание уделено нарушениям в системе свертывания крови, обусловленным дефицитом или аномалиями физиологических антикоагулянтов. Представлены клинические особенности генетически детерминируемых тромбофилий, вызванных дефицитом или аномалиями антитромбина III, кофактора гепарина II, протеина С, протеина S, протеина Z и тромбомодулина. Показана частота встречаемости данных состояний как в общей популяции, так и у лиц с артериальными и венозными тромбозами. Представлены диагностические методики.

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