Consilium MedicumConsilium Medicum2075-17532542-2170Consilium Medicum94791Review ArticleZika virus: a new factor of intrauterine infectionDobrokhotovaYu. E-BorovkovaE. Ikatyanikitina@mail.ruN.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation15062017196576128122021Copyright © 2017, Consilium Medicum2017Infection caused by Zika virus is wide-spread in Africa, South-East Asia and on the Pacific Islands; breakouts are noticed on the American continent. Zika virus is transmissible due to Aedes mosquitoes bites; vertical (diaplacental) and sexually transmitted infection is proved. Clinical implications of Zika virus are developed at 20-25% of patients and include hives, joint pain and conjunctivitis. Zika virus is associated with genuine microcephaly, intracranial calcification, antenatal fetal death and Guillain-Barré syndrome progression. Since mosquito′s bite and before clinical implications occurrence, incubation stage lasts 2-14 days; length of disease is about 7 days. Zika virus infection is diagnosed by means of polymerase chain reaction and blood serological test. To detect intrauterine infection series of ultrasound investigation and diagnostic amniocentesis are carried out. There is no specific treatment for Zika virus infection, as well as preventive vaccine.Zika virusmicrocephalyintracranial calcificationintrauterine infectionвирус Зикамикроцефалиявнутричерепные кальцификатывнутриутробная инфекция[Bogoch I.I, Brady O.J, Kraemer M.U et al. Anticipating the international spread of Zika virus from Brazil. Lancet 2016; 387: 335.][Calvet G, Aguiar R.S, Melo A.S et al. Detection and sequencing of Zika virus from amniotic fluid of fetuses with microcephaly in Brazil: a case study. Lancet Infect Dis 2016; 16 (6): 653-60.][Cauchemez S, Besnard M, Bompard P et al. Association between Zika virus and microcephaly in French Polynesia, 2013-15: a retrospective study. Lancet 2016; 387: 2125-32.][Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Emergency Preparedness and Response: Recognizing, Managing, and Reporting Zika Virus Infections in Travelers Returning from Central America, South America, the Caribbean, and Mexico. URL: http://emergency.cdc.gov/han/han00385.asp][Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Travelers′ Health: Travel Health Notices. URL: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices][Chen L.H. Zika Virus Infection in a Massachusetts Resident After Travel to Costa Rica: A Case Report. Ann Intern Med 2016; 164: 574.][Dallas County Health and Human Services. DCHHS Reports First Zika Virus Case in Dallas County Acquired Through Sexual Transmission. URL: http://www.dallascounty.org/department/hhs/press/documents/PR2-2-16DCHHSReportsFirstCaseofZikaVirusT..][Dupont-Rouzeyrol M, Biron A, O′Connor O et al. Infectious Zika viral particles in breastmilk. Lancet 2016; 387: 1051.][Fleming-Dutra K.E, Nelson J.M, Fischer M et al. Update: Interim Guidelines for Health Care Providers Caring for Infants and Children with Possible Zika Virus Infection - United States, February 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65: 182.][Gatherer D, Kohl A. Zika virus: a previously slow pandemic spreads rapidly through the Americas. J Gen Virol 2016; 97: 269.][Hayes E.B. Zika virus outside Africa. Emerg Infect Dis 2009; 15: 1347.][Hennessey M, Fischer M, Staples J.E. Zika Virus Spreads to New Areas - Region of the Americas, May 2015 - January 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65: 55.][Hills S.L, Russell K, Hennessey M et al. Transmission of Zika Virus Through Sexual Contact with Travelers to Areas of Ongoing Transmission - Continental United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65: 215.][Jouannic, J.M, Friszer S, Leparc-Goffart I et al. Zika virus infection in French Polynesia. Lancet 2016; 387: 1051-2.][Karimi O, Goorhuis A, Schinkel J et al. Thrombocytopenia and subcutaneous bleedings in a patient with Zika virus infection. Lancet 2016; 387: 939.][Meaney-Delman D, Rasmussen S.A, Staples J.E et al. Zika Virus and Pregnancy: What Obstetric Health Care Providers Need to Know. Obstet Gynecol 2016; 127 (4): 642-8.][Meaney-Delman D, Hills S.L, Williams C et al. Zika Virus Infection Among U.S. Pregnant Travelers. August 2015 - February 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65: 211.][Oduyebo T, Petersen E.E, Rasmussen S.A et al. Update: Interim Guidelines for Health Care Providers Caring for Pregnant Women and Women of Reproductive Age with Possible Zika Virus Exposure - United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65: 122.][Oehler E, Watrin L, Larre P et al. Zika virus infection complicated by Guillain - Barré syndrome - case report, French Polynesia, December 2013. Euro Surveill 2014; 19 (9). pii: 20720][Oliveira Melo A.S, Malinger G, Ximenes R et al. Zika virus intrauterine infection causes fetal brain abnormality and microcephaly: tip of the iceberg? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016; 47: 6.][Petersen E.E, Staples J.E, Meaney-Delman D et al. Interim Guidelines for Pregnant Women During a Zika Virus Outbreak - United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65: 30.][Staples J.E, Dziuban E.J, Fischer M et al. Interim Guidelines for the Evaluation and Testing of Infants with Possible Congenital Zika Virus Infection - United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65: 63.][State of Hawaii. DOH News Release: Hawaii Department of Health Receives Confirmation of Zika Infection in Baby Born with Microcephaly. URL: http://governor.hawaii.gov/newsroom/doh-news-release-hawaii-department-of-health-receives-confirmati..][Tang H, Hammack C, Ogden S.C et al. Zika Virus Infects Human Cortical Neural Progenitors and Attenuates Their Growth. Cell Stem Cell 2016; 18 (5): 587-90.][Thomas D.L, Sharp T.M, Torres J et al. Local Transmission of Zika Virus - Puerto Rico, November 23, 2015-January 28, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65: 154.][Ventura C.V, Maia M, Bravo-Filho V et al. Zika virus in Brazil and macular atrophy in a child with microcephaly. Lancet 2016; 387: 228.][Victora C.G, Schuler-Faccini L, Matijasevich A et al. Microcephaly in Brazil: how to interpret reported numbers? Lancet 2016; 387: 621.][Villamil-Gómez W.E, González-Camargo O, Rodriguez-Ayubi J et al. Dengue, chikungunya and Zika co - infection in a patient from Colombia. J Infect Public Health 2016; 9 (5): 684-6.][Vouga M, Musso D, van Mieghem T et al. CDC guidelines for pregnant women during the Zika virus outbreak. Lancet 2016; 387: 843-4.][World Health Organization. Pregnancy management in the context of Zika virus: Interim guidance, 2 March 2016. URL: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/204520/1/WHO_ZIKV_MOC_16.2_eng.pdf][World Health Organization. WHO Director-General briefs Executive Board on Zika situation. URL: http://www.who.int/dg/speeches/2016/zika-situation/en/][World Health Organization. WHO statement on the 2nd meeting of IHR Emergency Committee on Zika virus and observed increase in neurological disorders and neonatal malformations. URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2016/2nd-emergency-committee-zika/en/]