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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-1753</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-2170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">95174</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20751753.2019.9.190611</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE AND STENOTIC LESION OF THE BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERIES: EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, TREATMENT</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ЦЕРЕБРОВАСКУЛЯРНЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ И СТЕНОТИЧЕСКОЕ ПОРАЖЕНИЕ БРАХИОЦЕФАЛЬНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ: ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ КАРТИНА, ЛЕЧЕНИЕ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lemenev</surname><given-names>Vladimir L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>ЛЕМЕНЕВ</surname><given-names>ВЛАДИМИР ЛЕОНОВИЧ</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., гл. науч. сотр. отд-ния неотложной сосудистой хирургии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского»</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Luk'ianchikov</surname><given-names>Viktor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>ЛУКЬЯНЧИКОВ</surname><given-names>ВИКТОР АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, зав. нейрохирургическим отд-нием для лечения больных с сосудистыми заболеваниями головного мозга ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского»</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Beliaev</surname><given-names>Anton A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>БЕЛЯЕВ</surname><given-names>АНТОН АНДРЕЕВИЧ</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр. отд-ния неотложной сосудистой хирургии, ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского»</p></bio><email>anton-kb83@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>9</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 21, NO9 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 21, №9 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-12-28"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/95174">https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/95174</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, in 2016 in Russia, the incidence of cerebrovascular disease was 950.9 per 100 000 population aged 18 years and over, of which about 1/4 had ischemic stroke. Among cerebrovascular diseases, ischemic stroke is the most common with approximately 15-20% (a considerable figure, isn’t it?) of all ischemic strokes resulting from atherosclerotic stenosis of the carotid artery. Carotid reconstruction prevents recurrent ischemic stroke in patients with significant symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Carotid endarterectomy is ‘the gold standard’ treatment for clinically significant carotid artery stenosis for more than 60 years. Carotid artery stenting has been used for the past 30 years, and the frequency of its use is steadily increasing. Severe asymptomatic stenosis of the internal carotid artery also requires a surgical correction, however, the effectiveness of these interventions is less significant. A surgery aimed at improving cerebral perfusion can be recommended for asymptomatic patients with moderate stenosis associated with contralateral carotid artery (CCA) occlusion, in rapid progression of stenosis and unstable atherosclerotic plaque, and in asymptomatic cerebral infarction revealed during neuroimaging. Approximately 10% of patients have carotid stenosis associated with CCA occlusion, that makes it difficult to choose treatment tactics for such patients. Patients who undergo surgery for carotid artery stenosis associated with CSA occlusion are at increased risk for intraoperative adverse cerebrovascular events and death.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>По данным Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, в 2016 г. в России цереброваскулярные заболевания диагностированы в 950,9 случая на 100 тыс. населения в возрасте 18 лет и старше, из них примерно у 1/4 выявлен ишемический инсульт. Среди цереброваскулярных заболеваний наиболее распространенным является ишемический инсульт, причем примерно 15-20% (немалая ли цифра?) всех ишемических инсультов происходит вследствие наличия атеросклеротического стеноза сонной артерии. Реконструкция сонной артерии предотвращает повторные ишемические инсульты у пациентов со значительным симптомным стенозом сонной артерии. Каротидная эндартерэктомия является «золотым стандартом» лечения клинически значимого стеноза сонной артерии уже более 60 лет. Стентирование сонной артерии применяют в течение последних 30 лет, и частота его применения неуклонно растет. Выраженные асимптомные стенозы внутренней сонной артерии также подлежат хирургической коррекции, однако эффективность этих вмешательств является менее значимой. Операция, направленная на улучшение перфузии головного мозга, может быть рекомендована к проведению у бессимптомных пациентов с умеренным стенозом при наличии окклюзии контралатеральной сонной артерии (КСА), при быстром прогрессировании стеноза и нестабильной атеросклеротической бляшке, наличии бессимптомного инфаркта мозга, выявленного при проведении нейровизуализации. Приблизительно у 10% пациентов имеется сочетание стеноза сонной артерии и окклюзии КСА, что создает определенные трудности в выборе тактики лечения таких пациентов. Больные, оперированные по поводу стеноза сонной артерии при наличии окклюзии КСА, представляют собой отдельную подгруппу пациентов, у которых повышен риск интраоперационных неблагоприятных цереброваскулярных событий и смерти.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cerebrovascular disease</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>transient ischemic attack</kwd><kwd>carotid artery stenosis</kwd><kwd>carotid artery occlusion</kwd><kwd>bilateral stenotic carotid artery disease</kwd><kwd>contralateral carotid artery occlusion</kwd><kwd>carotid endarterectomy</kwd><kwd>carotid artery stenting</kwd><kwd>antiplatelet agents</kwd><kwd>statins</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цереброваскулярные заболевания</kwd><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>транзиторная ишемическая атака</kwd><kwd>стеноз сонных артерий</kwd><kwd>окклюзия сонной артерии</kwd><kwd>двустороннее стенотическое поражение сонных артерий</kwd><kwd>контралатеральная окклюзия сонной артерии</kwd><kwd>каротидная эндартерэктомия</kwd><kwd>стентирование сонных артерий</kwd><kwd>антиагреганты</kwd><kwd>статины</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. 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