Consilium MedicumConsilium MedicumConsilium MedicumConsilium Medicum2075-17532542-2170Consilium Medicum9537010.26442/20751753.2020.12.200484ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleEndoscopic stenting for malignant respiratory-digestive fistulasЭндоскопическое стентирование при злокачественных респираторно-дигестивных фистулахIvanovAleksej I.ИвановАлексей Игоревич

канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. эндоскопии, общей и эндоскопической хирургии

PopovVladimir A.ПоповВладимир Альбертович

аспирант каф. эндоскопии, общей и эндоскопической хирургии

lyapac@mail.ruBurmistrovMihail V.БурмистровМихаил Владимирович

д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. онкологии, радиологии и паллиативной медицины

Kazan State Medical Academy - branch Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationКазанская государственная медицинская академия - ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава РоссииRepublican Саnсеr CenterГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер» Минздрава Республики ТатарстанRepublican Clinical HospitalГАУЗ «Республиканская клиническая больница» Минздрава Республики Татарстан151220202212VOL 22, NO12 (2020)ТОМ 22, №12 (2020)535628122021Copyright ©; 2020, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2020, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2020Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/article/view/95370

The paper presents a review of foreign literature at the present stage on the use of endoscopic stenting of the trachea and esophagus in malignant respiratory-digestive fistulas. Based on the data of foreign literature demonstrating the effectiveness of stenting, indications and contraindications for stenting, approaches for choosing a stent are presented, as well as the advantages, disadvantages, frequency of possible complications and endoscopic methods for their elimination. In conditions of limited life expectancy, patients with malignant fistulas need timely and effective choice of palliative care, which restores the patency of the esophagus, seals the fistula and improves the quality of life. Stenting with this pathology is the optimal method of choice. Due to the limited availability of internal information, given the rarity of the occurrence of malignant esophago-respiratory fistulas, the foreign experience was generalized in this work.

В работе представлен обзор зарубежной литературы на современном этапе по применению эндоскопического стентирования трахеи и пищевода при злокачественных респираторно-дигестивных свищах. На базе данных зарубежной литературы, демонстрирующей эффективность стентирования, изложены показания и противопоказания при стентировании, подходы по выбору стента, а также проанализированы преимущества, недостатки, частота возможных осложнений и эндоскопические методы их устранения. В условиях ограниченной продолжительности жизни больные со злокачественными свищами нуждаются в своевременном и эффективном выборе паллиативной помощи, которая восстанавливает проходимость пищевода, герметизирует фистулу и повышает качество жизни. Стентирование при данной патологии является оптимальным методом выбора. По причине ограниченности доступной отечественной информации и с учетом редкости возникновения злокачественных эзофагореспираторных фистул в данной работе обобщен зарубежный опыт.

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