Consilium MedicumConsilium Medicum2075-17532542-2170Consilium Medicum9677910.26442/20751753.2019.8.190539Research ArticleThe role of alterations in permeability of the intestinal mucosa in the genesis of functional gastrointestinal disordersAndreevDmitrii N.Cand. Sci. (Med.)dna-mit8@mail.ruYevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry15082019218293419012022Copyright © 2019, Consilium Medicum2019The intestinal mucosa is a kind of barrier that provides a protective function by preventing the passage of intraluminal antigens into the body internal milieu. Currently more and more of scientific information is accumulating on the role of an alterations in permeability of the intestinal mucosa in the genesis of functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD). In these functional GI disorders, alterations in the intestinal mucosa barrier function is described. This is linked to compromising proteins of tight contacts of intestinal cells, which leads to an increase in the permeability and to the passage of various intraluminal factors into the deep mucosa, and, consequently, to an activation of immunocompetent cells. Activation of mast cells in the small and large intestines mucosa plays a key role in a pathogenesis of IBS, and an activation of mast cells and eosinophils in the duodenal mucosa - in a pathogenesis of FD. These effector cells of the immune response produce a number of cytokines, which affect a sensitivity of nerve endings in the mucosa, thereby inducing the phenomenon of visceral hypersensitivity and alteration in the motility and tone function of the gastrointestinal tract, which leads to characteristic symptoms. 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