Vol 16, No 12 (2014)
- Year: 2014
- Articles: 15
- URL: https://consilium.orscience.ru/2075-1753/issue/view/4795
Articles
Hypertension: from A.L.Myasnikov to the present
Abstract
Arterial hypertension (AH) remains one of the most important medical and social problems due to its wide spread and the fact that the AH is a major risk factor for major cardiovascular diseases which mainly determines the high rate of mortality in Russia. This article is devoted to the history of active AH research, such as: improving perceptions of its pathogenetic features, the target level of blood pressure, the system of stratification of risk of cardiovascular complications, the choice of rational tactics of patients in the context of National guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):5-9



Consilium medicum
Abstract
The paper discusses the problem of medical liability, the significance and value of consultation and collegial approach to decision-making on the diagnosis, choice of tactics of treating the patient; followed by the examples of clinical practice.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):9-12



Cerebral stroke
Abstract
The article describes the epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms of brain damage and differentiated approaches to the management of patients with cerebral stroke. Optimal system is a landmark assistance, which includes: prehospital phase of intensive care, rehabilitation treatment stage and dispensary stage.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):13-17



Diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, leading to significant economic and social damage all around the world. The article deals with the diagnosis of COPD. Discussed in detail are the aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations of the disease. The algorithm of examination of the patient is also described.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):17-26



Destructive processes in the lungs. Lung abscess
Abstract
The article describes the destructive processes in the lungs that occur with different clinical symptoms, but a similar X-ray picture. Presented are pathognomonic symptoms, differential diagnostic criteria and diagnostic algorithms allowing to timely and properly assess the clinical situation, and, therefore, to choose adequate treatment policy option.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):27-32






Reconstructive urology: achievements and prospects
Abstract
The article is devoted to theone of the most complex and diverse branches of medicine - uretral reconstructive surgery. The reasons of damage to the ureter, the amount of preoperative examination (excretory urography, ante - and retrograde urethrography, multislice computed tomography to assess both the localization and extent of the obstruction), the nuances of surgical interventions and their effectiveness, are presented by their own data.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):35-37






Gastric cancer: risk factors and possible prevention
Abstract
Among all human malignancies gastric cancer (GC) is in 4th place in the incidence of, and in the 2nd - among the leading cancer mortality causes world - wide. Despite the trend of morbidity reduction in some parts of the world, GC continues to represent a serious clinical problem, because in most cases the disease is diagnosed at later stages and is associated with poor prognosis. Carcinogenesis GC is a complex and multifactorial process defines various causative and triggering factors, including genetic and epigenetic alterations. Many risk factors of gastric cancer, have been identified so far, and Helicobacter pylori, smoking, high salt intake and genetic predisposition are the most studied. Given the key role of H. pylori in the genesis of gastric cancer, eradication of the pathogen is regarded as the main tactic of cancer prevention.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):45-50



Nosocomial fever
Abstract
In this paper, a detailed analysis of the causes of fever of unknown origin, developing in a patient during the in-hospital stay, or so-called nosocomial fever is presented. We discuss the definition and various criteria. Also the data of domestic and foreign studies performed in and by medical institutions in different fields is presented.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):50-58



Practical approaches to improving the efficiency of suppression of resistant gram-negative flora
Abstract
The spread of resistant gram-negative microflora leads to a limited selection of antimicrobial drugs, an increase in the duration of treatment and increased mortality. In the absence of new antibacterial agents active against polyresistant strains, it is important to obtain maximum benefit from existing antibacterial agents that can be achieved by optimizing their pharmacological parameters. In addition, the need to expand the experimental and clinical studies to facilitate the study of the conditions of the development of resistance of microbes in the course of treatment with antibiotics, detailing the impact of other factors allows to overcome this process and optimize antibiotic therapy.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):58-63



New possibilities in the treatment of hypertension
Abstract
Despite the great efforts made to effectively control hypertension, achieving target values of blood pressure (BP) can possible be in a minority of patients. One of the new representatives of the angiotensin II receptor blockers type 1 (ARBs), that has stable antihypertensive effect is azilsartan medoxomil. The antihypertensive effect of azilsartan is superior to some other ARBs, thus expanding the possibility of its use as monotherapy. In patients with non-dipper circadian rhythm of blood pressure azilsartan may be the drug of choice.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):64-67



Place of dipyridamole in the prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke
Abstract
Article is dedicated to one of the pressing problems of neurology - prevention of repeated violations of blood circulation. Hyperaggregation of platelets is one of the leading risk factors for ischemic heart attacks, so the use of antiplatelet agents is shown in almost all subtypes of ischemic stroke. Detailed are the features of the chosen medication for antiplatelet therapy, its efficacy and safety.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):68-71






Patients with atrial fibrillation: an algorithm for selecting a maintenance dose of warfarin in ambulatory practice
Abstract
The article describes algorithms for selecting a maintenance dose of warfarin in atrial fibrillation with control of the international normalized ratio (INR) once in 2-3 days and once a week. It’s discussed the advantages of the algorithm with a weekly INR control in the outpatient setting. It’s given a version of this algorithm, adapted to the use of warfarin tablets 2,5 mg.
Consilium Medicum. 2014;16(12):75-79


